Darshana & Itihasa: The Civilizational Gaze

John Herman Randall, in his book  Aristotle  (Chapter: “Science as Right Talking: The Analysis of Discourse”), says that “the relations of...

Paul Guyer, in his essay, “Exemplary Originality: Genius, Universality, and Individuality” (Chapter 10,  Values of Beauty: Historical Ess...

In his essay, “Modal Properties, Moral Status, and Identity,” David S. Oderberg answers the objections that have been raised against the Id...

Matthew Stewart in  Nature’s God: The Heretical Origins of the American Republic  (Chapter: “The Dirty Little Screw of the American Revolut...

Those who contend that their philosophy is the philosophy of reason have a poor understanding of philosophy and reason. The evolutionary ...

Zeno of Citium came to Athens around 300 BC and founded the School of Stoicism which formed a deep bond with the philosophical culture in...

The Renaissance's humanist philosophers preached that the princes ought to keep their word and eschew force and fraud. They ritualist...

Leonardo Bruni (1370 – 1444), the Renaissance humanist, historian and statesman points out that Rome attained great success in politics a...

Christian Garve published his book  Philosophical Remarks and Essays on Cicero’s Books on Duties  in 1783. In the same year, Kant started...

Immanuel Kant purchased a house of his own at the age of 59 (on December 30, 1783). Renting a house meant occasional moves, at times at t...

In his essay, “ Cicero on Aristotle and Aristotelians ,” Walter Nicgorski says that Cicero had more of Aristotle’s work available to him th...

In his essay, “The Textual History of Spinoza’s Ethics” (Chapter 1,  The Cambridge Companion to Spinoza’s Ethics ), Piet Steenbakkers off...

In 1770, Immanuel Kant was appointed as the professor of logic and metaphysics at the University of Königsberg. To celebrate Kant’s promo...

Dreams of a Spirit-Seer  is the only book for which Immanuel Kant came close to apologizing. The book was published anonymously, but event...

In his essay, “ The Art of Controversy ,” Arthur Schopenhauer says that the word “dialectic” was first used by Plato. By “dialectic,” Pla...

Immanuel Kant gives three requirements for the discipline of reason—reason must be negative, nonderivative, and lawlike. He says in the  C...

Immanuel Kant’s early biographers focused only on his philosophical works and not his personal life; this led to the impression that Kant w...

Here’s an excerpt from the Introduction to Kant: Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime and Other Writings , edited by P...

The  Enneads , the collection of writings by Plotinus, was edited and published by his pupil Porphyry in 270 C.E. In his Preface to the w...

Plato and Aristotle are seen as the contrasting poles of western philosophy, but there is a significant amount of Platonism in Aristotle....

Atheism means skepticism about God's existence, but when this position is taken seriously, it leads to a dogmatic belief in God’s non...

"The philosophy of Hegel... is not something simply invented out of nothing by himself and flung at random into an astonished world....

In January 1782, the  Göttingen Learned Notices  published a review of  Immanuel Kant’s  Critique of Pure Reason  (1781). The review was by...

For Immanuel Kant, it was difficult to stay out of the Pantheism controversy, when both sides in the dispute were maneuvering to enlist him...

Giacomo (Jacopo) Zabarella, the sixteenth-century philosopher known for his Aristotelian commitments, believed that the highest form of k...

In her book  Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution , Gertrude Himmelfarb says that there is similarity in not only the philosophical intent o...

I recently posted an article, “ Immanuel Kant’s Open Letter to Ayn Rand .” Roger Bissell has taken on the mantle of writing Ayn Rand’s en...

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels dismiss Kant as a bourgeois moralist in their book  The German Ideology :  "The state of affairs in G...

The German Empiricists, who were loyal to the tradition of John Locke, were alarmed by the appearance of Immanuel Kant’s  The Critique of P...

The task of a philosopher is to grapple with the “big questions” regarding mankind, the universe, and mankind's place in the universe...

In her essay, “ Modern Moral Philosophy ,” Elizabeth Anscombe argues that the secular approaches to moral theory, like Mill’s utilitarian...

“Thou art a base, proud, shallow, beggarly, three-suited, hundred-pound, filthy worsted-stocking knave; a lily-liver’d, action-taking, whor...

Frederick Copleston in A History of Philosophy  (Volume III, Ockham to Suarez): “The assertion that the most important philosophical even...